元分析：家族性与表型风险样本中跨诊断的功能性脑激活改变

ImportancePsychiatric risk factors are often associated with multiple clinical outcomes. However, it remains unclear whether functional brain activation changes are shared across risk for mood, anxiety, and psychotic disorders. ObjectiveTo determine which patterns of functional brain activation are shared across risk for different psychiatric disorders, defined using phenotypic (e.g., clinical) and familial risk paradigms, relative to control samples. Data SourcesPubMed and Web of Science were searched for task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies involving samples at risk for a mood, anxiety, or psychotic disorder, published between January 2000 and July 2026. Study SelectionStudies published in English, with whole brain results, comparing a high-risk sample to a control sample, with a mean age of 30 years or less, were included. Of the 5,748 studies screened, 101 met selection criteria. Data Extraction and SynthesisPeak voxel coordinates from contrasts were extracted. Study quality was assessed using an adapted neuroimaging methods quality checklist. Peak coordinates were pooled within studies, and a random effects activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis was conducted using the Python package JALE. Main Outcomes and MeasuresStatistical maps of spatial convergence in task-related brain activation were computed across risk groups and within subgroups defined by disorder risk (mood, anxiety, or psychotic disorder risk), ascertainment paradigm (phenotypic, familial), and task domain (cognitive, affective, reward). Statistical significance was assessed using permutation-based cluster-level family-wise error (cFWE) correction. ResultsThe studies included comprised 2534 high-risk participants and 2686 controls. Across psychosis, mood, and anxiety risk groups, there was a common area of functional activation in the left lateral prefrontal cortex (k = 319, p < .05 cFWE), reflecting greater activation in high-risk groups compared to controls. Ap

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